What is Epoxy?

The History of Epoxy

Epoxy was first developed in the 1930s by Swiss chemist Dr. Pierre Castan and German scientist Dr. Paul Schlack, working independently. They discovered that when certain epichlorohydrin compounds were mixed with bisphenol-A resins, the result was a hard, durable plastic. See here for more info.

That reaction was the birth of epoxy resin — a material that could bond strongly to metals, glass, concrete, and wood.

By the 1940s and 1950s, epoxy began to be commercialized and used in industrial settings. It quickly gained popularity in aerospace, marine, and automotive manufacturing, where its strength, chemical resistance, and adhesion made it invaluable for coatings, sealants, and composites.

Over time, improvements in resin chemistry led to new formulations with better flexibility, UV resistance, and faster curing times. These advances opened the door to architectural and flooring applications, where epoxy could serve as both a functional and aesthetic finish.

Today, epoxy is used everywhere — from airplane wings to countertops to garage floors. But the same principles that made it popular decades ago still apply; it’s strong, versatile, and built to last.

The Science Behind Epoxy

At its core, epoxy is a thermosetting polymer — meaning once it hardens, it can’t be melted or reshaped.

It comes in two parts:

1. Resin (the base component)
2. Hardener (the curing agent)

When these two parts are mixed, a chemical reaction begins. This process, called cross-linking, forms a dense, three-dimensional network of molecular bonds. The result is a hard, durable plastic that adheres tightly to whatever surface it’s applied to — often concrete in the case of flooring.

Once cured, epoxy becomes:

Mechanically strong – able to handle heavy traffic and impact.

Chemically resistant – resistant to oils, salts, and many household or industrial chemicals.

Moisture resistant – creating a barrier against water and vapor intrusion.

Adhesive – forming a permanent bond with properly prepared concrete.

Customizable – available in countless colors, finishes, and decorative systems.

That combination of strength, adhesion, and versatility is what makes epoxy stand out among coating materials.

See Resin Library’s website here for reputable information on epoxy

Advances in Epoxy Technology

Epoxy has come a long way since its industrial beginnings. Modern advancements have focused on improving durability, safety, and ease of application.

A few major innovations include:

• Moisture-tolerant primers – allowing epoxy to be applied even when concrete has higher moisture levels.
• UV-stable topcoats – preventing yellowing and fading over time, especially in areas exposed to sunlight.
• Low-VOC and odor-free formulations – making epoxy safer and more environmentally friendly.
• Decorative and functional systems – from metallic and flake finishes to anti-slip textures and chemical-resistant coatings.
• These improvements mean epoxy can now serve both aesthetic and structural roles — it’s just as suitable for a retail space or living area as it is for a warehouse floor.

Where We Use Epoxy Today

In the world of concrete resurfacing and restoration, epoxy has become one of the most reliable and adaptable coating materials available.

At our company, we use epoxy systems to transform worn or damaged concrete surfaces into durable, easy-to-clean, and visually appealing floors. Whether it’s a garage, basement, commercial entryway, or common area, epoxy delivers a professional finish that’s built for everyday use.

Our typical process includes:

• Surface Preparation – Grinding the existing concrete to remove contaminants, open the pores, and ensure proper bonding.
• Moisture Vapor Barrier Primer – This step is critical in preventing delamination or bubbling caused by moisture trapped beneath the coating.
• Epoxy Base Coat – The foundation layer, pigmented or clear, that creates a strong bond and provides color or depth.
• Decorative Flakes or Pigment (Optional) – For clients who want added texture or design, flakes can be broadcast into the wet epoxy, or pigments can create marbled metallic effects.
• Polyaspartic or Urethane Topcoat – A high-wear, UV-stable layer that adds scratch resistance, gloss, and long-term protection.
• This system doesn’t just make the floor look good — it also strengthens the surface, prevents moisture intrusion, and extends the life of the concrete.

The Benefits of Epoxy Flooring

Beyond its visual appeal, epoxy offers a range of practical advantages:

1. Durability: Resistant to abrasion, impact, and heavy foot or vehicle traffic.
2. Moisture and Chemical Protection: Ideal for garages, basements, and commercial spaces exposed to spills or humidity.
3. Low Maintenance: A sealed surface that’s easy to clean — just mop and water.
4. Safety: Optional anti-slip finishes make it suitable for public and high-traffic areas.
5. Longevity: When installed properly, epoxy floors can last decades.
6. For property owners, that translates to less maintenance, lower long-term costs, and a cleaner, more professional space.

Epoxy’s Role in the Future of Flooring

As demand for sustainable and long-lasting materials grows, epoxy is poised to remain a key player. Manufacturers are developing eco-friendlier resins, fast-curing systems, and hybrid coatings that further improve safety and performance.

And for homeowners and businesses alike, epoxy represents a simple equation:
Better protection + better aesthetics = better value.

Whether used in a condo lobby, a garage, or a retail space, epoxy delivers a combination of toughness and design flexibility that few materials can match.

Final Thoughts

Epoxy’s journey — from a lab discovery in the 1930s to one of today’s most advanced flooring systems — is a story of innovation and refinement. It’s chemistry applied with purpose, creating surfaces that protect, perform, and enhance the spaces we use every day.

At the end of the day, epoxy isn’t just a coating — it’s a solution. It seals, strengthens, and transforms concrete into something durable, functional, and beautiful.

And that’s why, nearly a century later, epoxy is still one of the most trusted materials in modern construction.